| 翻訳と辞書 |
| Eleven Naqshbandi principles ： ウィキペディア英語版 |
Eleven Naqshbandi principles
The Eleven Naqshbandi principles or the "rules or secrets of the Naqshbandi", known in their original Persian as the ''kalimat-i qudsiya'' ("sacred words" or "virtuous words"), are a system of principles and guidelines used as spiritual exercises,〔 or to encourage certain preferred states of being, in Naqshbandi Sufi schools of mysticism.
==Background==
There were originally eight principles formulated by the Central Asian Sufi teacher Abdul Khaliq Gajadwani (died 1179), the last three of the eleven being added later by Baha-ud-Din Naqshband Bukhari (1318–1389), founder of the Naqshbandi Order.〔 Editor: Hayter, Augy.〕 Both were Khwajagan (Masters) of the Sufi tariqah (path, way or method).
These principles are designed to be borne in mind and used as spiritual practices or exercises in the Naqshbandi system of spiritual development. They are carried out under individual tuition, expertly prescribed, monitored for changes, and carefully adjusted by a teacher, rather than being automatically performed.
The principles have been brought to the attention of contemporary Western audiences through the works of the writers Idries Shah,〔〔 John G. Bennett, Omar Ali-Shah〔 and J. Spencer Trimingham.〔 The exercises were an important aspect of Omar Ali-Shah's work with groups in the modern Naqshbandi tradition in the West. For instance, one of Ali-Shah's books of edited transcripts, ''The Rules or Secrets of the Naqshbandi Order'', was devoted to this subject.〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
■ウィキペディアで「Eleven Naqshbandi principles」の詳細全文を読む
スポンサード リンク
| 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース |
Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.
|
|